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Summary:
In a historic stroke of the pen, President Trump formally ends the 30-year Rwanda-DRC conflict and inks a landmark critical minerals deal—putting America first in the region's untapped resources. Beyond halting the bloodshed, Trump is securing U.S. access to vital minerals, turning a long-simmering crisis into a strategic win for American innovation and energy independence.
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Washington— Presidents Felix Tshisekedi of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Paul Kagame of Rwanda affixed their signatures Thursday to the Washington Accords, a U.S.-brokered framework aimed at ending more than three decades of simmering conflict in eastern Congo, as President Donald Trump hailed the event as a "great day for the world."
The ceremony, held at the newly renamed Donald J. Trump Institute of Peace after a morning meeting at the White House, capped months of intensive diplomacy that began with preliminary accords in April and a foreign ministers' agreement in June. Trump, flanked by the two leaders and witnesses from Burundi, Kenya and other regional powers, praised the pact as a "historic miracle" that would unlock economic prosperity and neutralize armed threats fueling the violence. The accords build on a June 27 declaration of principles and a November framework signed in Qatar, consolidating commitments to territorial integrity, mutual disarmament and regional economic integration.
Chronologically, the process traced back to April 25, when initial principles were outlined in Washington to de-escalate tensions rooted in the 1994 Rwandan genocide. By June, foreign ministers formalized a roadmap, including humanitarian access and rebel disarmament, amid an M23 offensive that captured Goma and Bukavu earlier in the year. July saw a Doha declaration between Congo and the M23 rebels for a ceasefire, though implementation stalled. Sporadic clashes persisted through November, with U.N. reports documenting at least 319 civilian deaths in North Kivu province alone that month, attributed to M23 fighters and alleged Rwandan Defense Force support. Fresh fighting erupted this week in South Kivu, even as delegations arrived in Washington.
Under the accords, Congo pledges to neutralize the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda, a Hutu militia viewed by Kigali as an existential threat. In return, Rwanda commits to withdrawing forces, ending support for the Tutsi-led M23 and lifting "defensive measures." The deal also includes bilateral U.S. pacts with both nations for access to critical minerals like cobalt and coltan, promising investment in infrastructure and jobs to foster the Regional Economic Integration Framework.
Tshisekedi described the signing as a "turning point" for friendship and prosperity, though he emphasized vigilance against violations. "This is a demanding path where peace becomes reality, not just aspiration," he said. Kagame struck a pragmatic tone, noting that success rests with Africans: "We've seen countless efforts fail; this one must resolve the underlying issues." Trump interjected, crediting his administration's pressure for breaking the impasse: "The status quo was unacceptable — now we have a powerful, detailed plan."
On the ground, reactions were cautiously optimistic but tempered by doubt. In Goma, hundreds gathered around television screens at displacement camps, cheering the broadcast while expressing skepticism. "We've heard promises before, but the guns never stop," said Marie Kabila, a 42-year-old mother of four who fled M23 advances last month. Local aid workers in Bukavu reported families emerging from bunkers to watch the ceremony, with one elder, Joseph Mwenda, telling reporters, "If Rwanda pulls back and our army disarms the FDLR, maybe our children can go to school without fear." Amnesty International's Tigere Chagutah welcomed the recommitment but warned that "immense civilian suffering" demands immediate ceasefires, not just signatures.
Regional observers, including Kenyan President William Ruto — designated guarantor — urged swift verification mechanisms. U.N. experts estimate 3,000 to 4,000 Rwandan troops remain active in eastern Congo, complicating enforcement. As the leaders departed, White House officials stressed the accords' aspirational yet enforceable nature, with monitoring teams to deploy within weeks. For now, the ink is dry, but the fragile truce hangs on implementation amid a conflict that has claimed millions of lives since the 1990s.
✅ FACT CHECKED by AbateHate.com:
The post reports a U.S.-mediated peace agreement signed on December 4, 2025, between DRC and Rwanda leaders, brokered by President Trump, which includes bilateral U.S. deals for access to critical minerals like cobalt and copper essential for batteries and electronics.
Accompanying image captures the White House signing ceremony, where Trump and the leaders exchange documents amid flags, though the deal excludes major rebel groups like M23, and Reuters reports clashes resumed within hours, indicating fragile progress in a decades-long conflict displacing millions.
Experts note implementation challenges persist, with the minerals provision aiming to reduce U.S. reliance on China, which controls 70% of global cobalt processing per USGS data.
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